Análise epidemiológica dos índices de tentativas de autoextermínio e lesões autoprovocadas em hospital de referência em urgência e emergência em Teresina (PI) no ano de 2022

Abstract

Objective: To analyze epidemiological rates of self-inflicted injuries and suicide attempts in patients at an emergency hospital in Teresina (2022), comparing them with SINAN data on self-inflicted violence in Teresina during the same period. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study conducted between September 2023 and December 2024 using researcher-collected forms and digital data. Results: Differences were observed regarding sex (female predominance in the hospital vs. male in SINAN), methods used (70% poisoning in SINAN vs. 45% "other forms" in the hospital), and age range (15–29 years in SINAN vs. 20–39 years in the hospital). Convergence was noted in unidentified data for "race," "education," "alcohol use," and "repeated violence" across both sources, with most patients residing in Teresina. Key issues included poor data entry in most fields, lack of outcome data in SINAN, insufficient mental health follow-up during hospital care, and limited psychiatric referrals upon discharge. Conclusion: Significant differences in the epidemiological profile of patients were observed when comparing notifications and medical records. Poor data quality in both sources and the need for better staff training were highlighted.