Análise do perfil de patógenos associados à infecção em corrente sanguínea em hospital público

Abstract

Introduction: With regard to nosocomial infections, professionals must remain vigilant and provide assistance in order to prioritize the reduction of adverse events that promote harmful repercussions for clients. Among these events, bloodstream infections stand out, which often derive from invasive devices inherent in hospital care, such as the use of a central venous catheter. Objective: To analyze bloodstream infections in patients admitted to a public teaching hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study with data collection through the database of the Hospital Infections Control Commission and the medical records of a reference public hospital. Data were collected using a collection instrument structured by the authors and the research complied with the precepts of resolutions 466/2012 and 510/2016 with a favorable opinion from the Ethics and Research Committee of the institutions involved. Results: There was a prevalence of male patients, aged between 61 and 70 years, systemic arterial hypertension with a higher incidence among comorbidities, mean of 26.1 days of hospitalization and the most used immunosuppressants were dexamethasone and hydrocortisone. The most frequent pathogen was Klebsiella

pneumoniae, with a resistance profile was observed, such as the presence of extended- spectrum beta-lactamase producers, mainly in gram-negative bacteria and the presence of

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and carbapenemase-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the samples. Discussion: There was a correlation with national studies regarding predominant sex and age. A South American study corroborated with the most common comorbidities in this scenario. Divergence was found in relation to the year with more cases of infection during the coronavirus pandemic. Furthermore, there was correlation and disagreement related to the pathogens and resistance profile, highlighting studies in the Southeast and China that coincided with the most prevalent microorganism. Conclusion: The analysis of the cases of infection showed a higher incidence of gram-negative bacteria and varied resistance of the pathogens found. In this bias, the evaluation of these indices contributes to improving care conduct, elucidating the panorama in which the institution is facing the problem, in addition to providing greater debates and scientific production on the subject. Descriptors: Hospital infection. Blood circulation. Patient safety. Nursing.