Análise das complicações e dos custos relacionados à dieta enteral por cateter nasoenteral e gastronomia

Abstract

Introduction: Gastrostomy can be understood as a type of stoma in which a flexible polyurethane or silicone tube is introduced into the stomach through a surgical procedure performed on the abdominal wall via endoscopic, radiological, laparoscopic or laparotomy, being the procedure of greatest choice Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy for having a low rate of complications and lower cost Objective: Analyze the complications of gastrostomy and the average cost of people who receive feeding through nasoenteral and gastrostomy catheters. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. A semi-structured interview script was used that addressed socioeconomic and clinical aspects, stoma complications, types of diet and costs; The population of this study consisted of patients registered in the Nutrition Management who received enteral diets. The study met the national and international standards for research with human beings and was approved under opinion CEP-UESPI: No. 4,009,099, CAAE: 10508619.0.0000.5209 .Results: A total of 162 patients registered with the Nutrition Department who received monthly diets were identified; about 3,235 liters of diets are dispensed per month, costing approximately 56,774 reais. Forty-six home visits were also carried out, the most prescribed diet was the caloric density of 1.5 kcal/ml with fiber, a significant portion had pressure injuries, the majority were fed via gastrostomy, the most impacting complication was obstruction of the tube. of feeding and the catheter with the highest number of aggravating factors was the button-type gastrostomy catheter. Conclusion: It is concluded that patients with Enteral Nutritional Therapy are mostly female, with sequelae of stroke and Alzheimer's disease. The study showed that, although it is a widely performed procedure, gastrostomy still presents complications. It emphasizes that nutritional home care has a high cost for the Serbian public, however it provides satisfactory results and increases longevity, as it has found a century-old patient.

Descriptors: Gastrostomy. Complications. Enteral nutrition. Costs. Nursing