Atuação do enfermeiro perfusionistana cirurgia cardíaca

Abstract

The Federal Nursing Council regulates through resolution 528/2016 the performance of the Perfusionist Nurse and updates this standardization through resolution 667/2021. According to these resolutions, the perfusionist activity is private of the nurse, within the nursing team, being responsible for performing the Extracorporeal Circulation in cardiac surgeries and other surgical specialties. Extracorporeal Circulation is a high complexity procedure that aims to temporarily replace the heart and lung functions while the heart or other target organs are surgically approached. Objective: Analyze the performance of the Perfusionist Nurse in cardiac surgery. Methods: This is a field study with a qualitative approach, of exploratory descriptive character, developed in a virtual environment. Data production was carried out from June 1st to 30th, 2022. The data were analyzed through Bardin's content analysis and presented by thematic categories. The current project followed the recommendations of resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council that regulates research on humans. In addition, resolution 510/2016 of the National Health Council was used, which provides for ethics in research related to respect for human dignity and the protection due to research participants. The project was approved in the assessment by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Piaui, with the assent number 5,416,053. Results and Discussion: The reports identified that the Perfusionist Nurse plays an indispensable role during cardiac surgery. He/She participates from the planning of the procedure, anamnesis and physical examination of the patient, monitoring and preparation of the room, choice of equipment and materials, calculations of medication, assembly of machinery and devices, collection of blood samples for examinations, analysis and correction of alterations, conduction of the extracorporeal circulation maintaining and improving the homeostasis of the patient, and at the end of the surgery, accompanies the transport of the patient to the Intensive Care Unit by passing procedure information to the intensivists’ team. Final Considerations: The professional activity of the Perfusionist Nurse is complex and requires a rigorous theoretical and practical preparation, which requires time, dedication and study through specializations recognized by the competent agencies, as well as frequent updates even though he/she is already an experienced professional, since the area of cardiac surgery and extracorporeal circulation involves a technology that advances very fast continuously.