Assistência de enfermeiros no enfrentamento a pandemia de covid-19: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 is among the viral diseases caused by the coronavirus genus. Some of the conditions include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (transmissible enteritis of turkeys, feline infectious peritonitis and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis). COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its main symptoms are fever, tiredness and dry cough. Objectives: To perform a literature review regarding the health care provided by nurses in the confrontation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The survey was conducted from August 2020 to August 2021, where the combination of descriptors “Nursing care”, “Nurses” and “COVID-19” was applied in the databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Regional Library of Medicine (BIREME), National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health – USA (PubMed), Online System of Analysis and Retrieval of Medical Literature (MEDLINE) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). The following inclusion criteria were met: original articles published in full, year of publication, free articles and written in Portuguese language. In order to collect data, an instrument developed by the author was used. Results and discussion: In this study, 475 productions were found; of these articles, only 12 productions fit the eligibility criteria. After analyzing the articles, with a view to enabling a better presentation of the information, the study was organized into the following categories: The vital role of nurses in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, Personal and work impacts experienced by nurses in the face of the new coronavirus pandemic and Coping strategies regarding the emotional stress arising from the new coronavirus. Conclusion: The nurse is essential in the health care of patients with COVID-19, since whether in the development of nursing interventions or in the application of management measures to make the health care service possible, he/she occupies a role in the management and maintenance of care. However, professionals who worked in emergency situations on the front line of the pandemic are increasingly finding themselves with an overload of patients, complications or in overcrowded ICUs, causing them to develop emotional stress.

Keywords: Nursing Care; Nurses; COVID-19.