Assistência de enfermeiros quanto a mulheres acometidas por sífilis congênita: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, with predominantly sexual contagion, in pregnant women, when a syphilis is not treated, the infection is transferred transplacentally to the newborn, causing congenital syphilis. In Brazil, syphilis is recognized as one of the main public health problems, which is why actions to promote health, confrontation and national policies are carried out in order to increase the debate on the subject in question, mobilizing government and society to fight and disease prevention. Objective: To carry out a literature review regarding the assistance of nurses in coping with congenital syphilis. Methods: The survey was carried out from August 2020 to August 2021, where a combination of the descriptors was applied: Nursing care, Nurses, Congenital syphilis to the databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF), Regional Library of Medicine (BIREME), National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health - USA (PUBMED) Review of medical literature and online retrieval system (MEDLINE), SCOPUS. The following inclusion criteria were found: articles published in full, year of publication, free articles and Portuguese language and that portray the results of studies carried out with human beings. Results and discussion: In this study, 51 productions were found, of these articles only twelve productions entered the eligibility criteria. After analyzing the articles and for a better presentation of information, the study was organized into the following categories: failures in prenatal care as a risk factor for congenital syphilis, and difficulties faced by nurses in the care of pregnant women with congenital syphilis. Conclusion: Congenital syphilis is an infection that is seen as a severe public health problem present in society for centuries, resulting mainly from failures in monitoring and prenatal care. This disease can be prevented with an effective prenatal treatment of these pregnant women, in which the nursing professional is highlighted, playing a very important role in contributing to the reduction of these cases of infection.

Keywords: Nursing care. Nurses. Congenital syphilis.