Construção de cartilha educativa sobre práticas integrativas e complementares no manejo da ansiedade na atenção primária a saúde

Abstract

MOURA, A. C. N. CONSTRUCTION AN EDUCATIONAL BOOKLET ON INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY PRACTICES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANXIETY IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. Introduction: Anxiety disorders are heterogeneous and complex. And the profound changes that have taken place in recent decades, in terms of urbanization, the low supply of quality public services, the precariousness of work, have led to changes in the family and social architecture, leading the country to high levels of mental illness. Faced with the scarcity of theoretical and practical resources for the management of patients with mental disorders in Primary Health Care (PHC), such as anxiety, Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (PICS), represent a set of resources capable of acting in different aspects of health, providing both the recovery of health and the prevention of diseases and injuries, whether physical or mental. Objectives: To build an educational booklet on the use of PICS to help nurses manage anxiety in PHC. Carry out an integrative review of PICS databases to prepare the booklet's content. Methods: This is a methodological study of content construction for an educational booklet. The booklet was developed in the following steps: 1) preparation of an integrative literature review to support the content of the educational booklet and 2) construction of an educational booklet on the use of PICS for anxiety management based on an integrative literature review. The integrative review was carried out in PUBMED/MEDLINE, SCORPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, CINAHL, EMBASE, COCHRANE AND BDENF databases, and LILACS bibliographic index. Primary studies related to the theme were included, without language or time limits, and studies that did not answer the research question, duplicate studies, monographs, dissertations, thesis, editorials and reflective studies were excluded. The construction of the booklet followed the methodological recommendations of ECHER (2005), with the preparation of the educational material being divided into six stages: objectives, content, language, relevance, illustrations and layout. Results: The final sample consisted of twelve scientific articles. In view of the above, the Integrative and Complementary Practice in Health that stood out was Music Therapy, followed by Acupuncture and Aromatherapy. Of the evaluated studies, there was a predominance of adult patients, in which four national studies (Brazil) and three international studies (United States of America). And so too, addressing different audiences, such as doctors, university students, nursing professionals, pregnant women and the elderly. The prepared booklet discusses three integrative and complementary practices in health (music therapy, aromatherapy and acupuncture), emphasizing the concept, purpose, advantages and disadvantages of use, contraindications, as well as exemplifying the application of the technique in different locations and target audiences. Conclusion: The research provided expansion of the study on the theme of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices integrated in the care of patients with mild mental disorders, such as anxiety. In addition, it enabled the construction of educational technology for nurses to apply in Primary Health Care, through examples of methods of use, tips, advantages and disadvantages. As limitations, the time for production stands out. As a suggestion, validation before trained judges is essential, and implementation in Primary Health Care, further validation studies of the content of the booklet with specialists and clinical validation with the target audience are suggested.