O olhar do paciente negro sobre o atendimento na Atenção Primária a Saúde

Abstract

Introduction: After the formal abolition of slavery, Afro-Brazilians began to accumulate more inequalities and disadvantages due to marginalization in the world of work, without access to housing and with low-paid services, which reserved for the black population the place in the poorest social classes and unfavorable conditions that persist to this day in our society with a racism not so silent and undeclared that is reflected in the high rates of maternal and child mortality, the higher prevalence of chronic and infectious diseases, the precocity of deaths and the high rates of urban violence that affect the black population. Objectives To analyze the perception of black patients about the form of care in primary health care in their daily lives. Methods: This is a descriptive qualitative research based on content analysis, where data production was carried out from the application of guiding questions to research participants in two Basic Health Units in Teresina-PI, to obtain information about the knowledge of users of the Unified Health System (SUS) about the National Policy for Comprehensive Health Care for the Black Population and their perceptions about care in health services. Results: 10 interviews were carried out based on a semi-structured script with open questions for black men and women, users of the SUS in the Basic Health Units: Basic Health Unit, Nurse Tania Maria, located in the Monte Castelo neighborhood, and the Basic Health Unit. Dr. Francisco José C. Sousa, located in the Planalto Ininga neighborhood, located in the south and east of Teresina respectively. After the pre-analysis stage of the interviews, the categorization was carried out based on the common characteristics of the elements, thus resulting in three categories: Self-perception of the black individual, Knowledge about the National Policy for the Comprehensive Health Care of the Black Population and the Comprehensive State Plan for Health of the Black Population and Perception about health care at the UBS. Conclusion: With the study, it is possible to highlight the importance of the health specifics of the black population, as well as the reflection on the deepening of the professional look on the vulnerabilities in their ethnic and social dimensions of the different population segments that make up the whole of society. In addition to health education aimed at the knowledge of the black population about the National Policy and the State Plan, the study confirms the need for discussion on the subject, since an important step for health education is professional empowerment on the subject.