Incidência de infecções relacionadas á assistência á saúde no pós-operatório de neurocirugia

Abstract

Introduction: Patients admitted to neurosurgical units are at increased risk of developing one or more infections due to the severity of the underlying disease, impaired protective reflexes, greater use of invasive medical devices, longer hospital stays and altered consciousness. Surveillance is an essential element to know the current prevalence of the disease, identify potential risk factors and implement various preventive strategies. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of infecctions in the postoperative period of neurosurgery. To estimate the incidence of Healthcare Related Infections (HRI) in neurosurgical patients and characterize the occurrence of HRI regarding the types of infections, pathogens and sensitive ntimicrobials.Method: This is an epidemiological study with a quantitative approach, observational, retrospective cohort and documentary, in a hospital in Teresina. Data will be collected through a data collection instrument that is composed of social variables (age and gender), type of surgical procedure and related to infection (positive culture topography, site of infection,isolated bacteria, resistant and sensitive antibiotics) Results: Regarding the occurrence of HAIs correlated to the care of patients in the postoperative period of neurosurgeries, out of 325 surgeries, 77 patients had positive cultures, verifying a rate of 23.7%, with a predominance in tracheal secretion infections, a higher occurrence of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa , the preferred antibiotic to use was Amikacin, the type of neurosurgery with the highest incidence of HAI, were tumor dissection surgeries and ventricular shunts and there was a high number of cases of patients who had infections in multiple sites, by bacteria or by different bacteria. Final considerations: Considering that neurosurgeries are clean surgeries, this study pointed to a high percentage of incidence contribute to the implementation of interventions in order to reduce events related to infections.