Perfil epidemiológico de infecção do trato urinário associada a cateter vesical permanente em pacientes hospitalizados

Abstract

Introduction: Infections related to health care are an important public health problem, generate losses to institutions and patients, prolong hospitalization time, generate additional costs, and increase morbidity and mortality. Urinary tract infection is, among other risk factors, often associated with permanent vesical catheterization. In Brazil, data reveal that urinary tract infection is responsible for 35 to 45% of healthcare-related infections. In Piauí statistics are also revealing 14.6% of infections, being the second most frequent in the state. Objectives: Know the epidemiological profile of urinary tract infections associated with permanent vesicalcatheter in the reality studied, unsee the clinical variables of patients with urinary tract infection,and identify risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The present study was be carried out at the Hospital Infection Control Service of a large philanthropic hospital, located in the city of Teresina-PI. The data collection procedure was performed after the project’s approval in the Research Ethics Committees of the proposing and co-participating institutions, where data were collected through a collection instrument elaborated by the researcher, containing the following variables: gender, age, basic pathology, hospitalization period, period of use of the permanent vesical catheter and resistant microorganism responsible for the infection. Results: The predominance of females was observed, 57.4% of the patients. Having as pathology of greater frequency the new coronavirus (Covid-19), 11% of the cases. It is emphasized that 37% of the patients underwent surgical intervention. The average time of patients’ hospital stay was 56 days. The most common microorganism found in the urine specimens was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Discussion: Female patients are likely to acquire UTI. Advanced age has become a risk factor for the development of UTI, studies reveal that elderly patients are susceptible to acquiring infection along with complications. Currently there are reported cases of UTI symptoms in the acute phase of infection by the virus causing primary Covid-19 infection. The time of hospitalization for the development of healthcare related infections and invasive procedures as well. Pseudomonas mainly affects immunosuppressed patients and using mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The aim of the research was to identify the epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection from a reference institutionin the state. Thus, it can contribute to the quality improvement of health care, through knowledge based on scientific literature built during the months of study.