O mágico de oz: valores e lições de vida sob o viés da teoria da jornada do herói

Abstract

Lyman Frank Baum, in 1900, published the third book of his career, dedicated to children's audience. In partnership with illustrator W. W. Denslow, he brings to the public The Wizard of Oz, which, in 1939, reaches its first film version by MGM, one of an main studios in Hollywood. In this narrative destined for children's and youth, Baum, doing usage a singular narrative, transports the reader to a “new world” in which it is possible to follow the journey of adventures and of self-knowledge of Dorothy, her dog Toto, and her friends: the Scarecrow, the Tin Man and the Lion. Despite the name of the work being The Wizard of Oz, the main character, around whom the story revolves, is not the Wizard, but of the orphan girl who is raised by her uncles Henry and Em. The present work has the general objective of analyzing Baum's The Wizard of Oz, verifying the values and life lessons present in the work, based on Joseph Campbell's studies on The Hero's Journey, present in the book The Hero with a Thousand Faces (2007). To this end, the analysis unfolds into the following specific objectives: 1) to describe how children'syouth literature can be used as a pedagogical instrument in the construction of values, a literary artistic object and an element in the formation of new readers; 2) to identify the values and life lessons present in the work The Wizard of Oz, analyzing them from the perspective of the hero's journey; 3) to relate the values and learning identified in the work with the world outside of fiction. As theoretical support, in addition to Campbell (2007) with his writings on the hero's journey, studies by Colomer (2017), Zilberman (2021) and Dalvi (2021) were used to dialogue on children'ssyouth literature in its genesis and in the current contemporary context of cultural and technological transformations. It was thus perceived emergence of literature dedicated exclusively to children and young people had its genesis during the formation of the bourgeois class and its notion of family centered on the figure of the father, mother and sons and daughters. Children'ssyouth literature presents, In this scenario, coated of itself with a strictly pedagogical character, thus disregarding the aesthetic aspect of the work, which is so important to the literary field. However, in a contemporary approach, it was seen that such literature extrapolates the merely pedagogical, dialoguing with cultural and technological transformations. Moreover, the narrative of The Wizard of Oz was covered, verifying the stages of the journey of Dorothy and her friends: the Scarecrow, the Tin Man and the Lion. was seen, each of the internships pointed out by Campbell (2007) from Baum's (2020) narrative. In this aspect, the of journey toward an unknown region, the world of Oz, becomes possible thanks to a phenomenon of nature, the cyclone. Acceptance the journey through the world of Oz on the part of the heroine, Dorothy, will favor the physical and spiritual growth not only of the protagonist, but also of her allies and traveling companions, because, in the end, everyone achieves what they desire.