Estranhamento identitário no sujeito moderno: uma análise de a metamorfose, de Franz Kafka

Abstract

The article aims to analyze how, in literary texts, the identity crisis of the modern subject is constituted as an experience of identity estrangement. To this end, the work Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka is taken as a point of discussion, considering the central character of the text as a metonym of the modern subject and his metamorphosis as symbolic of maladjustment in Western society. Therefore, this is a qualitative, descriptive, interpretative and bibliographical research, and authors such as Hall (2006), Melo (2011), and Rouanet (1993) are used as a theoretical basis. The narrative and collective crises of modernity are discussed here as a possible horizon for perceiving the crises of subjectivity, in order to investigate how the character's self awareness is crossed by a feeling of alienation that makes the perception of reality confusing. It was possible to perceive that the subject of modernity in the confrontation that the character faces in his relationship with himself and with his family, based onthe strangeness of himself and his way of living, is crossed by a feeling of uncertainty, insecurity and destabilization that permeates and characterizes the identity anxieties in modernity, especially due to the questioning of the great narratives operated by the time, which ensured the social fabric and collective identity, such as religion, myth, science, the estate, which becomes the central engine of the crises of subjectivity in contemporary times.