Entre lacunas afetivas e memórias desvanecentes: o luto antecipatório do cuidador familiar diante do Alzheimer

Abstract

ntroduction: This study investigates anticipatory grief experienced by family caregivers of elderly patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Being a progressive neurodegenerative disease, AD leads to cognitive and affective losses, challenging family dynamics and triggering stress, burden, and reflections on mortality. Objectives: The study aims to understand how anticipatory grief is experienced by family caregivers. Specifically, it seeks to analyze the psychological impacts of the diagnosis, identify psychological interventions, and evaluate the repercussions of anticipatory grief on caregivers' quality of life. Methodology: This is an integrative review conducted between 2013 and 2023, using databases such as LILACS, BVS, and Google Scholar. The research followed systematic steps, including the definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria, critical reading, and data synthesis from 12 final articles. Criteria focused on publications in Portuguese and studies addressing family caregivers of elderly AD patients. Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that anticipatory grief is characterized by symbolic losses, such as recognition and memory, even before physical loss occurs. This experience is accompanied by feelings of guilt, isolation, and emotional burden. The literature highlights a lack of psychological support for caregivers, emphasizing the importance of support groups and professional interventions that address their subjective needs. Final Considerations: The study concludes that anticipatory grief imposes significant challenges on family caregivers’ mental health. Targeted interventions and increased visibility of this experience are crucial to minimizing negative impacts and promoting caregivers’ quality of life. Further research and psychosocial support strategies are recommended for this population.