Análise das relações intertextuais presentes nas redações nota mil do ENEM do ano de 2016

Abstract

Understanding that intertextuality is a mosaic of intertwined texts, in which no text is completely original, and that the meaning of a text is constructed by a multiplicity of voices and literary and cultural influences, this work focuses on "Analysis of intertextual relations in the top-scoring ENEM essays of 2016." The study aims to answer the following question: what is the role of intertextuality in the argumentative writing of the ENEM essays? The objectives of this work are: (i) explain the role of intertextuality in the argumentation of the ENEM essays; (ii) identify the most recurrent co-presence relations in the argumentative essay genre; (iii) investigate the purpose of intertextuality in essay writing, whether for conceptualizing or arguing. To this end, theoretical contributions from Julia Kristeva (1974), Koch, Bentes, and Cavalcante (2012), Piègay-Gros (1996), Paulino, Walty, and Cury (2005), among others, were referenced. This is a descriptive research study with a qualitative approach. Thirteen top-scoring ENEM essays from 2016, with the theme "Ways to Combat Religious Intolerance," were collected from the G1 website. The exclusion criterion was the lack of intertextual relations, especially literary ones, and the inclusion criterion was the presence of significant intertextual relations for a more detailed analysis. The study revealed that intertextuality plays a fundamental role in the argumentative writing of the 2016 ENEM essays. Firstly, it provides a solid foundation for the arguments presented, allowing authors to draw on external references to reinforce their ideas. The use of direct quotations, paraphrases, or allusions allows students to link their viewpoints to widely recognized concepts, making their arguments more reliable and convincing.

Key words: Intertextuality. Essay. Argumentativeness. Enem