O testemunho e a ficção da realidade no romance "Nada de novo no front" de Erich Maria Remarque

Abstract

The 20th century was permeated by events that shook and shaped human behavior and brought several consequences for society. Among these events, the Great War (1914-1918) stands out, which mobilized a large number of people, technological advances and, consequently, left a high number of victims. Thus, this paper emphasizes the importance of studying to term “testimonial literature” that has surrounded debates about narratives that deal with episodes linked to traumatic events. Therefore, it is important to raise the issue of testimony in literature, understanding its relevance for contemporary critical debate. Thus, testimonial literature can be understood as a form of recreating worlds based on the memorialistic experiences of subjects who witnessed, in some way, a historical event. Thus, through the theoretical concepts of testimony, psychological traumas and fictionalization of reality, developed mainly by Valeria De Marco, Marcio Seligmann-Silva, Sigmund Freud, Karen Adorno and Antonio Candido, the novel, All Quiet on the Western Front (1929), was analyzed, seeking to highlight the narrative and literary elements that confirmed the book as a pacifist classic.