Conhecimento e adesão de enfermeiros às medidas de prevenção de infecção primária da corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter venoso central

Abstract

Introduction: The infections related to the Health Assistance develop themselves during the health care provision, being able to manifest the symptoms during the patient hospitalization or the medical discharge, and they are intrinsically related to the procedures and devices needed to the recovery of the patients. The central venous catheter is a device widely used in the clinical practice, allowing the access to the blood circulation of patients with serious and acute health conditions and enabling the implementation of fundamental interventions to their health maintenance. Its invasive nature makes it prone to complications, like the bacterial colonization, that may result in migration to the bloodstream triggering an Primary Infection of the bloodstream associated to the central venous catheter. Objective: Assessing the knowledge and adhesion of nurses to the prevention touchstone of the bloodstream primary infection associated to the central venous catheter. Methods: It is about a quantitative, descriptive and analytical transversal study, carried out in four intensive care units of a public hospital. Hired nurses and volunteers that worked directly with the patient care, with more than six years of experience in the sector, including day laborers and on-call professionals, and who agreed to participate after clarifications attended the research. Nurses on vacation, ones who took furlough days, or that left the sector during the period of the collect were excluded. Results and discussions: The foretaste was composed by 20 professionals, most of them were female, aged between 30 and 39 years old, on-call and specialist ones who affirmed to have acquaintance about the protocols of the bloodstream primary infection prevention of the institution. It was verified that the average number of correct answers was 6,4 questions out of 11, while the median was 6, indicating an average performance among the participants. The range of correct answers varied from 3 to 10 points demonstrating discrepancies in the level of knowledge. No nurses got all the answers right and the majority got between 5 and 7 correct answers. The self-reported adherence to the measures to prevent the primary infection of the bloodstream associated with central venous catheter presents variations, with professionals reporting the consistent practices of some measures such as hand hygiene and the use of a checklist, while other practices such as appropriate use of protective barries during the insertion of the central venous catheter and the use of surgical dressing appropriately, present less adherence. Conclusion: In the face of the objectives proposed in this study, their fulfillment is ratified, allowing a better comprehension of the topic investigated. The assessment of nurses’ knowledge and adherence to measures to prevent the primary infection of bloodstream associated with central venous catheter revealed a convergence between theory and practice.