O fenômeno variação linguística: um estudo de caso no município de Gilbués-PI

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the issue of linguistic variation in the school context in the municipality of Gilbués, PI. To this end, scholars in the field such as Bortoni Ricardo (2004), Dino Preti (2003), Irandé Antunes (2007), Marcos Bagno (2002), among others, will be our theoretical basis for the analysis and reflections contained herein. To this end, we used ethnographic qualitative research, in which we recorded the students' speeches, with constructions that deviate from the standard, as well as applying a questionnaire with the teacher of the classroom in which the research took place. Through the research, we were able to see that the teacher has sociolinguistic knowledge and does not see linguistic variation as an “error”. As for the students, they showed some phenomena during oral interaction, such as: monophthongization, de-nasalization, prosthesis, assimilation, diphthongization and lack of agreement in the plural. The functionality of language has been observed and studied for some time, known as variationist sociolinguistics. They consider the wide variety of verbal expressions of a language, in other words, its variations. This variety can have many causes, such as regionalism, culture, historical background, among others. In addition, different situations can also require different ways of speaking, which also characterizes linguistic variation. These differences in verbalization can generate another phenomenon in language, which is mainly due to a lack of information about linguistic variation. It can be concluded, then, that linguistic variation is present in schools and that the role of the teacher is very important in overcoming stigmas related to non-standard language and the rise of the student in relation to standard language.