Efeito de um Gel Tópico com Extrato Aquoso do Mesocarpo de Coco Babaçu (Attalea speciosa) na Cicatrização de Feridas Cutâneas em Ratos

Abstract

Cutaneous wounds are significant causes of hospitalization in healthcare facilities. The mesocarp of the babassu coconut possesses anti inflammatory and healing properties and is widely used in traditional medicine. Clarifying the action of its compounds is of great value to modern medicine. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the healing effect of a topical gel formulated with the aqueous extract of the babassu coconut (Attalea speciosa) mesocarp on induced skin wounds in Wistar rats. Methodology: A total of 36 animals were used, divided into three groups: control, Carbopol gel, and gel containing the babassu mesocarp extract (BME). Evaluations were performed at 7, 14, and 21 days after wound induction. Analyses included macroscopic evaluation of wound area, histological examination of tissue samples, and statistical analysis using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The group treated with BME showed a significant reduction in wound area at 7 and 14 days compared to the other groups. Histological analysis revealed greater fibroblast proliferation, more advanced reepithelialization, and reduced inflammatory infiltrate in the experimental group. At 21 days, although all groups had healed wounds, the BME group maintained better tissue organization. Conclusion: It is concluded that the gel containing the aqueous extract of babassu coconut mesocarp has relevant therapeutic potential as a topical healing agent, promoting faster wound healing and improved tissue quality during the early stages of the healing process.