Avaliação do perfil clínico obstétrico de puérperas admitidas em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de uma maternidade de referência

Abstract

Introduction: The puerperium corresponds to the period of the pregnancy-puerperal cycle in which the local and systemic changes that occurred in the maternal organism during pregnancy and childbirth return to the pre-pregnancy state. At this time, health problems still related to pregnancy may arise, responsible for sequelae and deaths, therefore, there is a need for the woman to be assisted comprehensively. Objective: To evaluate the clinical-obstetric and sociodemographic profile of puerperal women admitted to an obstetric Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a public maternity hospital in Piauí. Methods: Retrospective, quantitative and descriptive study, consisting of a census sample of puerperal women admitted to the obstetric ICU of a public maternity hospital in Teresina-PI between January and July 2024. A form with closed questions with clinical-epidemiological, sociodemographic, obstetric variables and the history of hospitalization in the ICU was used. Discussion: The study's findings mostly corroborate the results found in other global and national studies similar to this one. Results: The postpartum women were aged between 30-39 years (52.38%), were single (57.14%) and came from other cities (57.14%). The majority were multiparous (38.10%), with predominantly cesarean delivery (66.67%) and full-term gestation (42.86%). The causes of admission were Specific Hypertensive Syndrome of Pregnancy (47.62%), Postpartum Hemorrhage (33.33%) and Puerperal Infection (4.76%) and occurred in the immediate postpartum period (90.48%) lasting 1-7 days (71.43%), the prevalent outcome was discharge from the ICU (95.24%). Conclusion: The profile of postpartum women admitted to intensive care units is directly related to maternal age, high-risk pregnancy, and complications during pregnancy or childbirth.Prenatal care provided by PHC nurses should be reinforced with workshops and groups for pregnant women to inform them about warning signs and care related to blood pressure levels,since SHEG was the main cause of hospitalization in Piauí.