Perfil clínico - obstétrico de gestantes em idade materna avançada para a gestação de alto risco

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy in women aged 35 years or older, called Advanced Maternal Age (AMA), is a growing trend, associated with greater obstetric and perinatal risks. This study aims to characterize the clinical-obstetric and sociodemographic profile of these pregnant women in a reference maternity hospital in Piauí. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive and quantitative study, based on the analysis of 83 medical records of pregnant women ≥35 years old, hospitalized between January and July 2024. Sociodemographic, obstetric and clinical information was collected. The data were organized in Excel and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Most pregnant women were between 36 and 40 years old (65.06%), were brown (85.54%), single (60.24%) and had completed high school (54.22%). They were predominantly multiparous (92.77%) with singleton pregnancies (98.8%). Only 43.37% had six or more prenatal consultations. The main comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension (45.78%) and diabetes mellitus (10.84%). The main complications of the current pregnancy were severe preeclampsia (68.67%) and gestational DM (21.69%). Discussion: The findings of this study corroborate the literature that points to advanced maternal age as a risk factor for negative outcomes. Factors such as brown skin color, single marital status, and low education level intensify vulnerability. Low adherence to ideal prenatal care and the high incidence of comorbidities reinforce social inequalities and the need for targeted actions. Conclusion: Pregnancy in IMA is associated with significant risks. The data highlight the importance of qualified prenatal care, with a focus on early interventions to reduce maternal and neonatal complications.