As transformações espaciais ocorridas no bairro Porto Alegre (região sul de Teresina/PI) a partir da construção de conjuntos habitacionais no seu entorno-2010-2022

Abstract

The city of Teresina — PI, in recent decades, has been experiencing a growing urban expansion that has been configured in the presence of populous neighborhoods located in areas increasingly distant from the center causing an intense occupation of the urban bangs in the capital. One of the factors that influenced the accelerated growth was the implementation of housing developments scattered throughout the city, mainly towards the southern end of the city. In the years 2010 to 2013, the Porto Alegre neighborhood and its surrounding areas, located in the southern region of Teresina, received about 7. 922 houses and apartments from the Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program — PMCMV, created by the Federal Government to reduce the housing deficit in the country, however, these developments are built on the edges of the city and with precarious infrastructure and basic services, which causes a series of impacts, especially for the neighborhoods closest to these developments that end up receiving an increase in the contingent of people who go in search of urban services needed for living and social welfare. The general objective of this study is to analyze the spatial transformations that occur in the Porto Alegre neighborhood after the construction of housing developments in its surroundings. And as specific objectives: to identify how the process of spatial transformation of Porto Alegre neighborhood occurs from the construction of these housing developments; to characterize the changes in the spatial dynamics of the neighborhood; to verify the transformations that occurred in the housing developments that were built in the area; and to assess the consequences of spatial transformations that occurred in the locality. In order to carry out this work we used bibliographical and documentary researches in already published materials that approach this theme. We also carried out a field research to identify the relevant aspects of these modifications with the application of a questionnaire with people living in the researched areas, direct observation of the study area and photographic records. The research is basic in nature, with a qualitative and quantitative approach to interpret the data obtained. After the arrival of the housing projects, built by the Government, in the region of Porto Alegre neighborhood, it was possible to notice the action of social agents in the production of this space, such as the State, responsible for the implementation of the projects, the real estate promoters and the resident population, who act according to their needs. We also noticed structural changes and changes in the dynamics of the space, such as, for example, increase in violence, development of local commerce and population growth.