Aspectos epidemiológicos e laboratoriais da tuberculose multirresistente em um serviço referência em Teresina, Piauí

Abstract

To analyze the epidemiological and laboratory aspects of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in patients treated at a public referral hospital in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted between 2018 and 2024. A total of 46 patients over 18 years old were included. Data were collected from medical records and the Special Tuberculosis Treatments Information System (SITE-TB). The variables analyzed included sociodemographic profile, comorbidities, clinical forms, therapeutic regimens, diagnostic tests, and outcomes. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: Most patients were male, aged 20 to 40 years, with low education levels and pulmonary disease. The most frequent comorbidities were smoking, alcohol consumption, and illicit drug use. The mostprescribed drugs were levofloxacin, terizidone, linezolid, and bedaquiline. Regarding outcomes, 39% of patients achieved cure, 15.2% abandoned treatment, and 8.7% died. Conclusion: The findings highlight challenges related to therapeutic adherence and MDR-TB control, reinforcing the need for early diagnosis, strengthening of primary health care, and intersectoral strategies addressing the social determinants of the disease