Psicoterapia inclusiva no atendimento a pessoas surdas no contexto clínico-psicológico

Abstract

The inclusion of people with disabilities in mental health services has been a constant challenge in psychological practice, especially regarding the psychotherapeutic care of deaf people. Despite legal and social advances, significant barriers related to communication, lack of knowledge of deaf culture, and a shortage of professionals skilled in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) are still observed. This study aimed to analyze the main challenges faced by psychologists and deaf people in psychotherapy, as well as to identify strategies and clinical practices that promote more accessible, effective, and culturally sensitive care. This is a qualitative research study, based on a literature review, developed through the analysis of scientific articles, books, and official documents that address inclusive psychotherapy, deafness, and accessibility in mental health. Data collection was carried out using the Google Scholar, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Electronic Journals of Psychology (PePSIC) databases, using the descriptors "psychotherapy," "deafness," and "inclusion," considering publications in Portuguese from 2003 to 2023. The results showed that the main challenges are related to communication, the lack of training in Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) among professionals, and a lack of cultural sensitivity. Effective strategies include the use of interpreters, investment in bilingual training, adaptation of therapeutic techniques, and the use of visual resources. It is concluded that promoting inclusive psychotherapy requires structural and conceptual transformations in psychology training, as well as the strengthening of public policies that ensure equitable and humanized access for people with disabilities.