Ameaça invisível, impacto visível: a urgência da conservação das abelhas na polinização para a manutenção da biodiversidade

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of conserving bees as essential pollinators, highlighting the ecological, environmental, and socioeconomic impacts resulting from the decline of their populations. Considering that bees play a fundamental role in maintaining biodiversity and ensuring the reproductive success of numerous plant species, the research demonstrates that their reduction poses a direct threat to ecosystem balance and food security. In this context, the study investigates how factors such as deforestation, pesticide use, climate change, habitat loss, and other anthropogenic pressures negatively affect bee survival, especially in sensitive regions such as the Caatinga. A qualitative literature review was conducted based exclusively on the selected scientific articles, allowing for an in-depth analysis of the main challenges and consequences associated with the decline of bee populations. The theoretical foundation incorporates authors who discuss bee ecology, their ecological relevance, and the risks related to their reduction. Based on the analysis, it was observed that the decline of bees directly compromises pollination processes, affecting both natural ecosystems and productive systems. The findings highlight the urgent need for conservation strategies that ensure the preservation and continuity of these essential pollinators.