História e memória da Escola Demóstenes Avelino em Teresina (Piauí) de 1942 à 1972

Abstract

This monograph aims to research the history and memory of the Demóstenes Avelino School during the period from 1942 to 1972. During this time, the institution was considered a model school. Felismino Freitas's role in the school's inauguration and management was essential for the development of education in the state of Piauí. The study sought to analyze the importance of the school in disseminating knowledge. To this end, it discusses the history of education during the republican period and, subsequently, the history of education in Piauí. It examines the policies developed during the Vargas Era and the impact of these actions on the training of the teaching staff, the methodologies developed with students, and the construction and formulation of the concept of modern education. It also identifies a policy focused on developing students' critical thinking. The magazine Zodíaco served as a channel for disseminating the ideas of young intellectuals from Piauí, covering diverse subjects, including national and international political issues. Later, some of these collaborators formed the intellectual circles of the state of Piauí. Discussing the history and memory of the Demóstenes Avelino School is of fundamental importance for understanding the transformations in the education sector within the proposed timeframe. The methodology employed was the use of historical sources, such as school documents, editions of the Zodíaco magazine, educational legislation, institutional statutes, as well as specialized bibliographies on education in the Vargas Era. The approach used is qualitative, descriptive and interpretative in nature, seeking to articulate memory, history and institutional identity through a critical reading of the selected sources.

Keywords: History of Education; Piauí; History and Memory; Demóstenes Avelino School; Felismino Freitas.