Incidência e perfil dos indivíduos acometidos pelo novo coronavírus no Piauí

Abstract

Introduction: On March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO), through the pandemic feature, identified the virus called SARS-CoV-2. The new coronavirus had a rapid spread and a high mortality rate, becoming a public health emergency, i.e., thus generating a problem in health care systems. Objective: This study had the objective of analyzing the disease incidence and the sociodemographic profile of patients affected by the new coronavirus treated in Piauí, in 2020-2021. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, whose data were obtained from the Piauí State, available on the public domain electronic address. The population and the sample were composed of the number of confirmed cases of the new coronavirus in individuals living in the Piauí State, in the period between March 2020 and March 2021, which were available in the Piauí epidemiological panel. Data

were collected using a structured form and organized into tables and graphs, also grouped and tabulated, and then a statistical analysis was performed through the SPSS program. Results/Discussion: It was found that 196,010 cases of the new coronavirus were confirmed during the period, with 3,919 deaths. The incidence was 5,988.28 and the mortality rate was 119.73. Despite not being highly lethal, this disease takes a toll on society and the health system due to its high incidence rate. Most confirmed cases took place in the mid-north macro-region. It was pointed out that all municipalities (224) in Piauí had confirmed cases of the new coronavirus. Regarding confirmed cases by age group, most cases were in the adult population (30-39 years). As for gender, the female was prevalent. Concerning the deaths from the new coronavirus, most occurred in the elderly population and the male gender was prevalent. Heart disease was the comorbidity most associated with the number of confirmed cases, followed by diabetes, but only 2.8% of the Piauí population contaminated with the new coronavirus had comorbidities. In light of the foregoing, the number of inhabitants per area, which made distancing difficult, the absence of vaccines within the studied period, the flow of immigrants and emigrants, the high rate of transmissibility of the virus and the absence of compliance with the rules of social isolation contributed to this reality. Conclusion: Therefore, this study highlighted the importance of the theme and identified the epidemiological profile of the new coronavirus in Piauí during the pandemic, favoring the development of more effective public health policies.