Nas patas do boi, rudeza do galope e sensibilidade do aboio: vivências e experiências nos arreios e fios da memória de vaqueiros no sertão caxiense no Maranhão (1955-2012)

Abstract

The present study is the result of extensive research in the field of historiography, and it brings as its central theme: On the ox’s feet, rodeo of the gallop and sensibility of the aboio: Experiences in the harnesses threads of memory cowboys of the Caxias Maranhão hinterland (1955-2012) whicj aims to understand how these experiences were forged the cowboys of this region. To this end, the work it brings as a question: Like the memories of the cowboys who camped in the hinterland of Caxias (MA), between 1955 and 2012 can be configures as elements of the construction of the subject and its symbolic space in which identity characteristics are reconfigured cultural resistance in the face of the mass innovations of a globalizing and postmodern? General objective: to analyze through the subjects’memories and their experiences, the construction of the image and social meaning of the cowboys in the Caxias hinterland in the Maranhão during the years 1955 to 2012 considering the formation of symbolic space of cultural identities. Specific objectives outlined were: to understand how the cultural identities of the cowboys were being constructed over time as well as the reasons that make it even resistant to the types of the overall process what happens in the world since the 50’s, identify the dayli economic social and cultural transformations occurred in the lives of cowherds during the period from 1955 to 1980 siri how the contributed to the formation of the experiential symbolic space their and discus the social and cultural representativeness of the cowboys considering his daily work practice within the context of Caxias Maranhão hinterland. The methodology was anchored from the theoretical assumptios of oral history. With the use of semi-structured interviews and the use of image sources configuring itself as qualitative and exploratory. The study is justified due to the absence of studies that analyse the cower of inland region of Caxias especially considering a vision that present no stereotypes, a commom fault in works that have the cowherd as the central figure. It is also justifiable to break the silence from this important social group. By means of the theoretical wing of the cowherds and observation in loco it was possible to understand from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining the knowledge of anthropology, geography and sociology that this cowboy culture has suffered great impacts on the part of the attacks represented by land concentration and mechanization of the field, thus affecting the mapus activities in the region and study and the very ways of life of the resident communities. A significant point discovered through research the entire life of the cowboy in the region it was greatly affected but refers to a symbolic and modern agriculture on the cowboy life it is represented by what the older cowboys call the party cowboy that is, those young people who like the aesthetic of being a cowboy and with preserve part of the cowboy ways of life. In this sense, they seek to reconcile the modern with tradition and with that it generates a conflict of generations of cowboy’s information identified in the interviewees’speech