Violência no ambiente escolar na sociedade brasileira contemporânea: dos ataques e da atuação do direito penal e do ECA

Abstract

The purpose of this monograph is to analyze the incidence of cases of violent attacks on Brazilian schools in contemporary Brazil, as well as discuss the influential social context on these cases, correlating it to the performance of Criminal Law and the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA) given this scenario. To this end, the proposal is to resume the trajectory of violence in schools until reaching the point where it is today, with the outbreak of extreme violence attacks, demonstrating the reasons behind this. Its objective is to explain how, in the midst of these events, Criminal Law and the ECA, together with other laws that arise with the aim of enforcing the ideals of the aforementioned statute, are acting to resolve the problem, indicating the multicausal character of attacks on schools, which presents itself as an impasse for the aforementioned devices to be sufficient to resolve the issue. Throughout the work, the countless facets that constitute the multicausal nature of the phenomenon are analyzed, such as violence carried out in the family environment and in the community environment, beyond school walls; media influence; hate speech; bullying and cyberbullying; social inequalities, among other factors. Finally, the analysis of the information presented clearly denotes the impossibility of Criminal Law and ECA to reverse the situation of attacks on schools without taking into account the entire Brazilian social context, with a need to look at each of the factors that affect the problem, and it is essential that a considerable change occurs in the contemporary Brazilian reality.