Eles continuam entre nós: reverberações contemporâneas da capatazia colonial e violência no campo brasileiro

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the contemporary reverberations of the colonial foremanship, especially in the formation of the Brazilian State and in the construction of the Brazilian identity. We start from the assumption that the figure of the foreman from the beginnings of Brazilian colonization offered the basis for the construction of a State and a society colored by violence and the guardianship of the agro-export latifundium. If in the colonial past, the overseer worked hard to maximize agricultural production and repress opposing conduct, mainly coming from the black and enslaved peasant population that made up the labor force of that production system, in the present, avoking the attributions of the overseer, society and, mainly, the State, are responsible for carrying out the same function as the overseer. As a result of the analysis, we found that the main contemporary reverberation of the colonial foremanship is manifested in the Brazilian countryside in the form of violence, a tone that permeates power relations and maintains cycles of privileges for agrarian elites and human rights violations for vulnerable rural groups. . In this topic, the present work focuses on the analysis of armed violence, compiling information on rural conflicts resulting in death throughout 2012 to 2021, which makes it possible to verify that, within this time period, six Brazilian states (of which five are part of the Legal Amazon) account for practically 80% of homicides in conflicts in the countryside. This data, combined with an analysis of the vectorization of deforestation in the same six states, allows the reasoning that the same agribusiness that deforests the Legal Amazon is also the main responsible for handling armed violence in the Brazilian countryside