Uso de óleos essenciais no controle de aspergillus flavus em sementes de milho

Abstract

Plant essential oils have been studied as an alternative for seed treatment to replace chemical products, mainly for family farming. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different essential oils on the germination and inhibition of Aspergillus flavus in maize seeds treated with essential oils. The treatments consisted of Witness; Sweet orange essential oil; Tangerine essential oil and peppermint essential oil. The seeds were submitted to the germination test in a paper roll. Using concentrations (2 ml/kg; 4 ml/kg; 6 ml/kg; 8 ml/kg) containing 50 seeds in each roll. They were incubated in transparent bags at a temperature of 30°C for 7 days. It was verified: count of normal germinated seedlings and abnormal seedlings. The incidence of the fungus A. flavus in a roll of paper was evaluated. In the second trial, the seeds were disinfested with a solution of sodium hypochlorite at 1%. The 4 doses of each oil were distributed in 5 replicates of 10 seeds per Petri dish containing BDA culture medium. The plates were kept at 30°C for seven days. Soon after, the inhibition of the fungus A. flavus was evaluated. The results obtained after germination it was observed that sweet orange oil did not interfere in germination reaching 86%, in the health test it was observed that Tangerine oil reduced the incidence of the fungus in the seeds reaching 4% at the dose of 8 ml/kg.