Análises cromatográficas, efeitos citotóxicos e oxidativos do piriproxifeno no controle de Aedes aegypti L.

Abstract

Pyriproxyfen (PFF) is a larvicide used to combat Aedes aegypti larvae. The purpose of the study was to make proposals for the identification of pyriproxyfen and pyridalyl from Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-PDA) and Gas Chromatography (GC-MS), as well as to evaluate the cytotoxic and oxidative effects of pyriproxyfen. The commercial larvicide was subjected to maceration and methanolic extractions for a period of three weeks. The methodology in HPLC-PDA was used in the isocratic method, the Rtx-5MS column (GC-MS), the toxicity of Artemia salina by lethal concentration (LC50), the cytotoxicity of Allium cepa by mitotic index and chromosomal alterations and to Saccharomyces cerevisiae through oxidative potential. The wavelengths λmáx (271 nm) and (208 nm) of the UV spectrum were obtained in the HPLC-PDA for PFF and piridalil (PYL), with retention times (RT) (3.39min) and (4.04min), respectively. GC-MS presented the mass/ charge fragments (m/z) (96, 136, 186 and 226). The toxicological potential was significant for concentrations 1; 10; 100 and 1000 ppm, with a 48 hour LC50 (0.5 ppm). The A. cepa showed a cytotoxic effect at all doses (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 100 and 1000 ppm), genotoxic effect at concentrations only (0.0001; 0.1; 1; 100 and 1000 ppm), and mutagenic for doses (0.1, 100 and 1000 ppm). Regarding S. cerevisiae, all strains (SODWT, Sod1, Sod2, Sod1Sod2, Cat1 and Sod1Cat1) induced oxidative damages at concentrations of 100 and 1000 ppm. Therefore, HPLC-PDA and GC-MS allowed the identification of PFF and PYL in the commercial larvicide, in which they produced cytotoxic and oxidative effects that could cause health and ecosystem risks.