Estudo da prospecção metabólica do fungo bioliminescente neonothopanus gardneri

Abstract

The bioluminescent mushroom Neonothopanus gardneri (Berk. Ex Gardner) known as "coconut blossom" uses its luminescent properties to attract or repel insects for their protection or dispersion of their spores. Since its recent rediscovery in 2008 few studies have been carried out with this fungus. It was carried out a collecting work, identification of the botanical material, extraction of the raw material with methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate was carried out. Fractionation and isolation were done on a gel chromatographic column (Sephadex LH-20) and a CCD chromatographic profile was drawn. The identification of the substances from the methanolic extract was done using the techniques of HPLC-DAD, HPLC-EM, IR and NMR to characterize and identify the chemical structures present in this extract, as well as biological tests were carried out for antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antifungal activities. The methanolic extract presented a chromatographic profile with three very intense peaks in HPLC-UV-DAD. After fractionation, on Sephadex LH-20 gel, 9 fractions were collected and all were chromatographed on CCD using silica with UV indicator and sprinkled with ninhydrin, identifying possible isolations and phytochemical classes. The chromatographic profile in HPLC-UV-DAD was drawn and the isolation of two substances was confirmed. Substance 1 is a colorless liquid with m/z 314 in ESI-ESI and the analysis of IR and NMR 1H, 13C spectra and 2D NMR techniques points to a hydrazide structure. Substance 2 is also a colorless liquid with m/z 314 in ESI-MS and added to IR and NMR 1H, 13C spectra and 2D NMR techniques suggest the structure of a peptide. The methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts presented a good antioxidant activity for the DPPH and ABTS radicals, with emphasis on the methanolic extract when compared to the positive ascorbic acid and trolox, respectively. The in vitro evaluation of acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition activity presented negative result for the ethanolic extract and low activity for the methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts. In the antifungal activity against Candida spp., the methanolic extract presented inhibition activity only on the isolate of C. tropicalis.