Uma história de maior e fúria: representações e ensino de história das mulheres no brasil, sob a ótica audiovisual cinematográfica de sua participação na balaiada

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to analyze the importance of women in Brazilian history, especially during the Balaiada, from the audiovisual/cinematographic perspective presented in the film “A Story of Love and Fury”, directed and scripted by Luiz Bolognesi, cast: Selton Mello, Camila Pitanga and Rodrigo Santoro, in the animation genre and released in 2013. Balaiada was a popular uprising that took place between 1838 and 1841, in the provinces of Maranhão, Piauí and Ceará, during the Brazilian Empire. This historic event was marked by the struggle for fundamental rights and resistance against arbitrary measures such as compulsory conscription. The participation of women, although significant, was often neglected and made invisible in traditional historiography. Cinema, as a tool for building collective memory, can re-evaluate, historicize and highlight these women's contributions. The film “A Tale of Love and Fury” offers an opportunity to explore these marginalized narratives and their impact on the formation of collective memory. The research used methods of film analysis, examining both the narrative content and the visual and symbolic aspects of the film. Specific scenes highlighting the participation of women in the Balaiada were analyzed, with dialogues and characters representing these historical figures. In academic terms, it is important to emphasize that the study carried out in this research also used a bibliographical review as its methodology. As a theoretical-methodological framework, the study was guided by discussions on History, History Teaching, Cinema and Gender, dialoguing mainly with Sousa Abrantes (2022), Perrot (2004), Scott (1994), Napolitano (2005), Reis (2000), Bittencourt (2007), Citelli (2000), Ferro (2010), Mocellin (2002), Rosenstone (2010), Rüsen (2001), Viglus (2008), Cardoso (2008), Monteverde (1986), Fonseca (2008), Nora (1993), Lauretis (1994), Monteiro (2003), Louro (1997), Chartier (2002), Oliveira (2021), Pinsky (2013), Quadros (2004), Balestero (2015), Beauvoir (2017), Stearns (2015) and Priore (2004). The main results show that the film “A Story of Love and Fury” contributes significantly to the construction of collective memory about the importance of women in the Balaiada, with the character Janaína standing out in the film. The film highlights the struggles, resistance and contributions of women, re-evaluating the traditional historical narrative and offering a more inclusive and fair vision. The analysis also revealed that the use of audiovisual resources makes these narratives more accessible and engaging, especially in the educational context, underlining the teaching of history. The main conclusions indicate that cinema, by highlighting the actions and influences of women in historical events such as the Balaiada, not only educates the public about historical facts, but also guides the collective understanding of the importance of these women in history.