Práticas assistenciais durante o parto associadas a melhores desfechos maternos: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Childbirth care has undergone significant transformations in recent decades, driven by the need for humanized care and the adoption of evidence-based practices. Despite advancements, challenges such as excessive medicalization, unnecessary cesarean sections, and low adherence to international guidelines still compromise the quality of obstetric care. Objective: To analyze obstetric care practices and their relationship with maternal outcomes through an integrative literature review. Methodology: The study followed the PRISMA protocol and applied the PICo search strategy to select articles published between 2014 and 2024 from the PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, and BDENF databases. A total of 16 studies were included, addressing obstetric interventions and their impact on maternal and neonatal experiences. Results: The findings indicate that practices such as emotional support, the presence of a birth companion, encouraging mobility, and the use of non-pharmacological pain relief methods are associated with better maternal outcomes, reducing the need for invasive interventions. Final Considerations: Despite the benefits of these practices, challenges such as a lack of professional training, institutional resistance, and regional disparities in obstetric care still hinder their implementation. Strengthening public policies, continuous professional training, and adapting hospital infrastructure are essential to ensuring safer, more respectful childbirth experiences aligned with the best scientific evidence.