Segurança em banco de dados: análise de vulnerabilidades e estratégias de proteção contra ameaças cibernéticas

Abstract

This article aims to identify the main vulnerabilities in database systems and present protection strategies against cyber threats. The research adopts a systematic literature review methodology, focusing on articles published in the last five years. The results reveal that, despite technological advancements, databases are still susceptible to various risks, including attacks such as sql injection, phishing, and authentication failures. The vulnerabilities are both technical and human, with the human factor being one of the most critical points. Protection measures include the use of encryption, access control, user authentication, data masking, and secure development practices. The study reinforces the importance of security from the early stages of the system development lifecycle and the continuous adoption of protection mechanisms to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of stored information.