Análise das dificuldades de aprendizagem algébrica manifestadas por alunos do 8º ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This research has as object of study the difficulties of learning algebraic. We proceeded to answer the following research question / problem: what are the difficulties encountered by students in the 8th grade of regular elementary school, their causes and implications, what learning questions of concepts and procedures used in the study of algebra? Its general objective is to analyze how the difficulties encountered by students of the 8th grade of regular elementary school, their causes and implications, do not involve the learning of concepts and procedures necessary for the study of Algebra. And, as specified objectives: to recognize the possible learning difficulties of students in the 8th grade of regular elementary school in relation to algebra; identify as causes and implications of these possible learning difficulties of students involved in algebra; reflect on the selected implications of these learning disabilities; and propose methodological strategies as possibilities to overcome the learning difficulties of algebraic concepts. Forbidden research is characterized as qualitative approach research. The survey data were used at the full-time state public school of the city of Teresina-PI: CETI-SMALL RUBIM. The subjects, participants of this investigation were the students of the 8th grade of regular elementary school. As instruments and techniques of data production, we used: three Questionnaire formats (Pre-Test, Test and Post-Test), an observation with intervention and written records of student testimonials, which are the complementary methods of use. In the analytical process, a discussion of the seized data took place from three axes of analysis: diagnosis of prior knowledge: a survey of the difficulties of algebraic learning; causes and implications of algebraic learning disabilities: need for intervention; and teaching organization: possibilities of overcoming the difficulties of learning algebraic. We find that students' difficulties in learning algebraic are not so much algebra itself, but because of the lack of grounding and appropriation of arithmetic (natural and rational numbers, operations, decimal numbers). Also, there is a problem interpreting problems.