A afetividade na infância e a escolarização da criança: marcos legais na educação infantil no Brasil após a LDB n.º 9.394/1996

Abstract

Childhood, as a social construct, has undergone profound transformations throughout history. Initially perceived as a phase of lesser importance, children were seen as small adults, devoid of rights and specific needs. In an attempt to better understand this topic, this work has the general objective of understanding the process of construction of the concept of affection in childhood, situating the role of school and family in raising awareness of the importance of the concept. The research, of a bibliographic and documentary nature, discusses the main legal frameworks that guide Early Childhood Education in the Brazilian scenario, in the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education No. 9.394/1996 and other legal frameworks. Affection began to be recognized as an essential component in the educational process, contributing directly to the emotional, social and cognitive well- being of children. In this context, legal frameworks broaden the understanding of the role of childhood, recognizing children as subjects of rights and promoting pedagogical practices that value their particularities. Thus, the proposed analysis demonstrates that affection and legal frameworks played a decisive role in the construction of an inclusive, welcoming early childhood education focused on the child's integral development.