O plano nacional de educação e financiamento público para a educação básica: expressões de uma política de estado no âmbito dos planos estaduais do nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the National Education Plan (PNE) and its guidelines for public funding for basic education, exploring how these parameters are reflected in the educational policies of the State Education Plans (PEEs) of nine states in the Brazilian Northeast. The research focuses on the regional context, characterized by historical challenges of social and economic inequality, and seeks to understand the financing strategies adopted by the states to ensure the implementation of the goals of the PNE, especially those related to the adequate financing of education, the quality of teaching and the expansion of access to basic education. The analysis covers the commitment of the states to the goals of universalization of access and improvement of the quality of education, as well as the strategies for allocating public resources, with emphasis on the use of FUNDEB and public-private partnerships. The survey also discusses the budgetary limitations and structural challenges faced by the northeastern states, such as the disparity in educational funding between the regions and the impacts of the fiscal crisis on educational policies. Through a qualitative analysis of the documents of the State Education Plans, the study reveals the different approaches adopted by the states to ensure the fulfillment of the goals established in the PNE, as well as the persistent challenges in the implementation of these policies in a context of inequality. In the end, the research points to the need for greater equity in the financing and execution of educational policies in Brazil, with an emphasis on valuing public education as a universal right.