Desafios enfrentados pelos professores de educação física na inclusão de alunos com o transtorno do espectro autista

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is primarily characterized by deficits in social communication and patterns of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. There is heterogeneity in the phenotypic presentation of ASD, as well as in the severity levels of symptoms. This research aimed to identify the main challenges faced by Physical Education teachers in the inclusion of students with autism. The methodology used was a mixed approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, through the application of a standardized structured questionnaire designed to collect data on the professional experience and perceptions of each teacher. This study investigated the challenges faced by Physical Education teachers in the inclusion of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in municipal schools in Picos-PI. The results highlight a lack of training, scarcity of resources, and absence of institutional support as the main obstacles. Despite these challenges, teachers sought to adapt their practices, demonstrating potential for progress through investments in training and inclusive infrastructure. This study may assist future Physical Education teachers in developing effective strategies capable of improving the quality of life for students with ASD, as well as strengthening educational inclusion. These findings may significantly contribute to improving the inclusion of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Physical Education.