Análise da dengue em Teresina–PI: aplicações do Geogebra e Excel para representação gráfica do comportamento da doença durante o século XXI

Abstract

Dengue is a viral disease that affects millions of Brazilians annually, representing a serious public health problem. Understanding the factors that influence its spread is essential for developing mitigation strategies. In this context, mathematical modeling emerges as an effective tool to represent the behavior of the disease over time, allowing students to comprehend, through real data, the growth of cases. Given the social and scientific relevance of dengue, this research investigates how the increase in cases of the disease in Brazil can be analyzed through function graphs, with the aim of integrating mathematical content into high school education. The goal is to provide teachers with a practical and accessible approach that connects mathematical theory to epidemiological reality, promoting contextualized teaching. Using Excel and GeoGebra software, function graphs were constructed based on real data on dengue incidence. The proposal allows simulating scenarios and analyzing possible relationships between variables in order to investigate the behavior of the disease over different periods. This approach facilitates the visualization and interpretation of data, promoting the use of digital technologies in mathematics education. The application of this methodology significantly contributes to teacher training by offering a pedagogical tool that combines theory and practice. Furthermore, it encourages students to develop skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and data analysis, strengthening their understanding of mathematical concepts in real-world situations and raising awareness of public health issues.