Saúde mental no ambiente de trabalho: análise jurídica e propostas para a promoção de um ambiente laboral saudável

Abstract

Mental health in the workplace has become a central challenge in contemporary society, evidenced by the alarming increase in leaves of absence due to mental disorders, which exceeded 472,000 cases in Brazil in 2024 (Inss, 2024). Given this reality, this study's general objective is to analyze the impact of mental health at work from a legal perspective and to propose effective strategies for promoting a healthy work environment. The methodology used was quantitative-qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive research, based on bibliographic and documentary analysis, focusing on the 2020-2024 period. The results demonstrate that, in addition to human costs, the economic impacts are vast, including significant losses from absenteeism, presenteeism, and turnover, as detailed in the statistical diagnoses. Legally, the study identifies a crucial transition in the Brazilian legal framework: from a historically reactive model to a preventive one. The landmarks of this change are the update of Regulatory Standard 01 (NR-01), which mandates the inclusion of Psychosocial Risk Factors (PRFs) in Occupational Risk Management (GRO), and the enactment of Law 14.831/2024, which encourages good practices through the "Mental Health Promoting Company" Certificate. It is concluded that mental health management is a legal and business sustainability imperative, requiring a systemic approach focused on managing risks at the source, combating harassment, and promoting a supportive organizational culture.