Justiçamento no Brasil contemporâneo: uma análise da banalização do linchamento como forma de justiça

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the trivialization of lynching as a form of justice in the context of contemporary Brazil. Historically, the State has assumed the responsibility of administering justice to prevent the practice of private justice. However, in a context where society attributes to itself the right and duty to judge, the phenomenon of vigilante justice emerges. Statistics from the Center for Violence Studies at USP (NEV-USP) and the Security Observatory Network reveal a worrying scenario, where Brazil is considered one of the countries with the highest rates of lynching in the world, with more than one million Brazilians having participated in acts or attempted lynchings between 1945 and 1988. To analyze the factors that contribute to the legitimization of vigilante justice, a mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) research approach was used. The methodology employed was bibliographic and documentary, with the collection of research from doctrinal works, academic articles, legislation, statistical data, and research reports. It was found that vigilante justice represents a rupture with the fundamental principles of the Democratic Rule of Law. It is concluded, therefore, that this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of vigilante justice, expressed in the form of lynchings, seeking to understand the reasons for its legitimization by society and how this scenario breaks fundamental principles that govern the legal system.