A inserção de dispositivos intrauterinos na atenção básica, Picos-PI

Abstract

Introduction: The Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a long-acting, safe, and effective contraceptive method offered by the Brazilian Unified Health System. However, low adherence to the method in Brazil is associated with misinformation, myths, and a shortage of trained professionals in Primary Care. Given this scenario, it becomes necessary to understand how women perceive the IUD and which barriers influence their access to it. Objective: To evaluate access to the IUD among women receiving care in Primary Health Care units in Picos-PI, identifying facilitating and hindering factors, as well as users’ level of knowledge, fears, and beliefs. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted with 57 women of reproductive age assisted by Family Health Strategy teams. Data collection occurred through a semi-structured questionnaire, and the data were statistically analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies. Results and discussion: Most participants (94.74%) reported being familiar with the IUD; however, 66.67% indicated the absence of trained professionals in their health units. Fears and myths were reported by 35.09%, including fear of pain, expulsion, and increased menstrual flow. Only 31.58% expressed a desire to use the method. Lack of professional training was the main barrier reported (29.82%). Conclusion: Despite general awareness of the IUD and its recognition as a safe contraceptive method, access remains limited due to the shortage of trained professionals in Primary Health Care and the persistence of misconceptions. Investments in professional training, health education, and the strengthening of reproductive planning are essential to expand access and reduce barriers.

KEYWORDS: Primary Health Care; Contraception; Intrauterine Devices; Women’s Health; Family Planning.