Comerciárias em Teresina: gênero, raça, educação, trabalho e seus impactos na mobilidade social

Abstract

Intersectional perspectives on gender, race, and class, and their implications in work and education, constitute one of the most relevant fields for understanding social inequalities in contemporary Brazil. The country, whose history is marked by slavery and structural racism, still bears the deep imprints of a socioeconomic system that places Black women in positions of vulnerability and marginalization, especially in the labor market. The social mobility of these women, understood as the possibility of ascending economically and socially, directly depends on educational conditions, which, although they can represent a path to overcoming inequalities, do not act in isolation to guarantee such advancement. This study focuses on the analysis of these conditions in Teresina, the capital of Piauí, aiming to understand how educational factors, combined with issues of gender and race, impact the trajectories of Black women workers in their pursuit of social mobility between 2022 and 2024. The objective was to analyze how these factors influenced the employment and professional advancement of these workers. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining IBGE data analysis and a semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicated that, although schooling is important, it does not guarantee social mobility, as racial and gender barriers persist. It is concluded that the advancement of Black women depends on integrated policies, including affirmative actions, professional training, and measures to combat racism and sexism.