Um estudo sobre a geometria do espaço-tempo em torno de um buraco negro simétrico

Abstract

This work analyzes the geometry of space-time around a symmetric black hole, based on Albert Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity. The research significantly addresses the transition from Newton’s classical concept of gravity, understood as a force, to a modern view that describes it as a consequence of the curvature of space-time caused by the presence of mass and energy. The theoretical foundations of the Special and General Theories of Relativity are discussed, culminating in the Schwarzschild metric as an exact solution to Einstein’s field equations in vacuum. From this metric, fundamental concepts such as the event horizon and the singularity are analyzed, which are essential for understanding the behavior of space-time in regions of intense gravity. Thus, it is concluded that the Schwarzschild metric represents one of the most elegant and influential solutions for understanding the geometric structure of black holes.