As práticas pedagógicas dos professores de um CMEI de Teresina: implicações das atividades lúdicas e desenvolvimento psicomotor na educação infantil

Abstract

Playful activities and psychomotor development are essential elements in the educational process of young children, being widely recognized by Brazilian legislation and by scholars in the field of early childhood education. The National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) (BRASIL, 2017) emphasizes that, in Early Childhood Education, learning occurs primarily through experiences involving the body, movement, imagination, language, and interaction with others and the world. In this context, play is understood as a right to learning and is one of the structuring axes of this stage of education. The present study proposes as a general objective to analyze the pedagogical practices of teachers at a CMEI in Teresina. The specific objectives are: to identify the playful activities used by teachers in early childhood education; to understand the relationship between playful practices and psychomotor development in early childhood education; and to analyze how playful activities integrate teachers' practices into the daily school routine. The research was based on the following theoretical frameworks: Fonseca (1995), who contextualizes psychomotor skills; Freire (1996), who emphasizes the knowledge necessary for educational practice; Kishimoto (2007), who relates play to theory; and Le Boulch (2001), who emphasizes children's psychomotor development. We used field research with a qualitative approach as our methodology, and for data collection, we used interviews with semi-structured questions and a profile questionnaire to identify the research participants. The participants were three teachers from a CMEI in the southeast of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. The results showed that playful activities, when planned with pedagogical intentionality, contribute significantly to children's psychomotor development. The research participants recognize the benefits of play in the learning process, despite facing structural and material limitations