Estudo fitoquímico, avaliação da atividade antioxidante e citogenotóxica dos extratos etanólicos e das frações das cascas e folhas de combretum leprosum

Abstract

The Combretum leprosum is a shrub belonging to the family Combretaceae, known as mofumbo. The objective of this work was to investigate the chemical classes (DPPH, ABTS, phenolic content and total flavonoids) and qualitative and quantitative chemical studies of the extracts of the bark and leaves, to establish the antioxidant activity "in vitro" and to evaluate the cytotoxicity by biological method (Test of Allium cepa and Micronucleus in peripheral blood). The chromatographic profile of the ethanol extract from C. leprosum leaves and bark, identification and quantification of the substance were obtained by ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) analysis, coupled to a UV detector. It was to identify and quantify flavonoids epi-catechin in bark extract with about 0.065 mg epi-catechin / g extract and rutin in ethanolic extracts of C. leprosum leaves with about 3.33 mg / g extract.The evaluation of total phenolics of the samples by the Folin-Ciocalteu method showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of bark and leaf had higher phenolic contents (411.40 ± 15.38 and 225.49 ± 9.47 GAE / g), while the ethyl acetate fraction leaves and the hexanic fraction of the bark (238.91 ± 1.73 and 124.28 ± 56 mg of Rutin / g sample) presented higher flavonoid content. IC50 values were calculated and the results indicate that the fractions of ethyl acetate of the leaf and intermediate (hexane) of the shell have high activity inhibition of free radical DPPH (40 ± 0,56 and 28,5 ± 0,60 μg/mL), whereas the hydromethanol fraction of the leaf and the bark intermediate (hexane) has inhibition of ABTS free radicals (81 ± 1,4 and 27,5 ± 0,90 μg / mL).For citogenotoxicity analysis (Allium cepa and micronuclei in peripheral blood) none of the tested concentrations of ethanol extracts from leaves and bark showed significant cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential.