Resolução de questões da Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática das Escolas Públicas (OBMEP): proposta de desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico matemático a alunos do 8o ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This work has as object of study the teaching of mathematics through problem solving, with emphasis on the issues of the Brazilian Mathematical Olympiad of Public Schools (BMOPS) level 02. Thus, we seek to answer the following question: How can the resolution of BMOPS questions, as a didactic proposal, contribute to the development of mathematical logical reasoning of students in the 8th grade of elementary school? In this perspective, the work was developed with the general objective of analyzing how the resolution of BMOPS questions as a didactic proposal can contribute to the development of mathematical logical reasoning of students of the 8th grade of elementary school. Thus, when considering this objective and the problem issue, this study is characterized as field research and qualitative approach. To this end, the subjects investigated were students of the 8th grade of Elementary School of a municipal public school, located in the city of Teresina-PI. For the production of the data and in order to make a diagnosis of the previous knowledge of the students investigated, about the questions of the BMOPS, we applied a pre-test contemplating questions of the same, in level 2 of the first phase. Next, we present mathematical problem-solving strategies, through workshops divided into four areas: Arithmetic, Counting, Algebra and Geometry, and these workshops were based on the method of George Polya. Soon after we applied a post-test also with questions from the BMOPS and ended with a questionnaire focused on the vision of the participants about the questions. Thus, the analysis of the data obtained showed that there is a limited use of the BMOPS questions as a teaching proposal. In fact, we realize that this stems from the little use of BMOPS problem-solving in the classroom. In this study, it was also possible to perceive that there is a possibility to improve such limited use of these questions, which would be to separate and work the issues of the BMOPS according to the applications of the methodological strategies defended by George Polya.