Fungos anemófilos em bibliotecas de instituições de ensino na cidade de Campo Maior, Piauí, Brasil

Abstract

Fungi, heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms, can disperse through the air and colonize environments such as libraries, which have favorable conditions, such as temperature and humidity suitable for the growth of these microorganisms. Lack of cleaning and maintenance, such as in air conditioning systems, can increase their presence and pose health risks. This study sought to evaluate the concentration of anemophilic fungi in four libraries of educational institutions in Campo Maior, Piauí, using the spore sedimentation technique in Petri dishes with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. In total, 450 colonies were identified, 449 of which were filamentous fungi and 1 yeast. The genus Aspergillus sp. was the most frequent, representing 48.3% of colonies, followed by Curvularia sp. and Cunninghamella sp. Libraries with less frequent cleaning had a higher concentration of fungi (2.4 to 5.3 CFU/m²) compared to libraries with better maintenance (0.4 CFU/m²). These results highlight the importance of regular cleaning and environmental control to prevent fungal proliferation, ensuring a safe and healthy environment for library patrons. Proper use of ventilation systems and maintaining relative humidity are essential factors in limiting the growth of fungi in these locations.