Literando vozes ancestrais: do prazer da leitura à construção de saberes históricos sobre os povos indígenas nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

The general objective of this dissertation was to investigate the potential of indigenous literature as a teaching practice that constructs non-stereotypical historical knowledge. In order to achieve the general objective of the research, the following specific objectives were outlined: 1. to understand the teaching practice of teachers regarding the theme of indigenous peoples in the initial grades of Elementary School in a school in the city of Parnaíba-PI; 2. to identify writers and books of indigenous literature that deal with traditions, culture and problems of indigenous peoples in Brazil; 3. to develop pedagogical workshops using indigenous literature as a historical source, based on indigenous literary works. The study is based on Bittencourt (2013), from the perspective of history teaching; Cunha (1992, 1998), Monteiro (1999) and Almeida (2010), regarding the teaching of indigenous history; Soares (2005), Kleiman (1995) and Tfouni (1995), regarding Literacy; in Rojo (2012), in relation to Multiliteracies; Freire (1996) and Tardif (2002), in relation to Educational Practice; Coelho (2000) in relation to Children's Literature; Thiél (2013) and Dorrico (2018, 2020) focusing on content related to Contemporary Brazilian Indigenous Literature; as well as in Daniel Munduruku and other indigenous voices that produce literary works, in addition to other related studies. Since this is a social research, the qualitative approach was chosen. This research, with regard to its objectives, is of an exploratory-descriptive nature and with regard to its procedures, it is an action research. For the collection and production of data, interviews with teachers of the 3rd, 4th and 5th grade classes were used; and the materiality generated in the intervention were pedagogical workshops for a multi-grade class of 1st and 2nd graders of Elementary School. The research developed generated an educational product, that is, a book with proposals for Pedagogical Workshops based on the work Puratig: o remo sagrada, by Yaguarê Yamã.